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The Aryan Invasion Theory (AIT) was part of the Divide & Rule Policy, which was carried out very successfully. [10] They may have been indigenous to the Indian subcontinent,[11][12][13] but origin in, or influence from, Western Asia have also been proposed. Difference Between Aryans and Dravidians This is the time when, according to the historians, waves of invading/migrating Aryans arrived in India. Aryan and Dravidian are English words, concocted by the British rulers and their historians, to describe the ancient people of India. He was seen naked by his son Ham, who became the victim of his father's curse - all his progeny would be as dark as night and serve the descendants of Shem and Japhet. No one, in fact, no historian has a right to indulge in guess-work about the country, to which they do not belong. In this particular case, the horse was injured in the rib-cage, and the instructions are being given to the expert - vaidya, to treat the 34 ribs with care for its recovery. Wouldn't you say that the Indians are a mix of white, black, red and yellow! There are around 250 million native speakers of Dravidian languages. [59][60] According to Lukacs and Hemphill, while there is a strong continuity between the neolithic and chalcolithic (Copper Age) cultures of Mehrgarh, dental evidence shows that the chalcolithic population did not descend from the neolithic population of Mehrgarh,[61] which "suggests moderate levels of gene flow". Thus, to render the phrase he is a gentleman in Telugu, one combines yana he + peddamanii a gentleman; Telugu has no verb corresponding to to be in English. Horses - Impressions upon thousands of SEALS have been found. [72], Linguist Asko Parpola writes that the Indus script and Harappan language are "most likely to have belonged to the Dravidian family". People came from far off countries for education at institutions, such as Taksha-shila and Nalanda. This is very valuable material. [6] Dravidian peoples are also present in Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa, Myanmar, East Africa, the Caribbean, and the United Arab Emirates through recent migration. It was one learned Irishman, Bishop James Ussher, formulated in the 17th century, the chronology of God's creation.The God created the world in 4004BC. It has a Priestly Decree, issued in 197 BC, inscribed in three scripts in two languages, one Greek and two Egyptian scripts. The singular was not indicated by any sign, while the plural had two markersnamely, human plural, which was represented by the suffix *-Vr, and nonhuman plural, which was represented by the suffixes *-(n)k(k)a and *- or by a combination of these, *-(n)k(k)a. Dravidian speakers in southern India wear varied traditional costumes depending on their region, largely influenced by local customs and traditions. Thanks for sharing. Dravidian languages show extensive lexical (vocabulary) borrowing, but only a few traits of structural (either phonological or grammatical) borrowing from Indo-Aryan, whereas Indo-Aryan shows more structural than lexical borrowings from the Dravidian languages. The samples analysed by Narasimhan et al. Indian history has not yet been written by the original ionhabitants of India - the Dravidians. HYDERABAD: The great Indian divide along north-south lines now stands blurred. The historians wanted to create knowledge credibility for these Illiterates (Frawley's Paradox). In this sort of set-up, the indigenous women were required to warm up the beds, the mingling resulted in new races of Hispanic, Latino, Mulatto, Mestizo, Kriol etc. [117][118][119] Traditional Dravidian architecture and symbolism are also based on Agamas. The final -n and -m represent singular and plural. According to David McAlpin and his Elamo-Dravidian hypothesis, the Dravidian languages were brought to India by immigration into India from Elam (not to be confused with Eelam), located in present-day southwestern Iran. The Muni never returned! Oriental Institute, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. WebThe difference between the so-called Aryans of the north and Dravidians of the south is not a racial division. The earliest Dravidian literature that we know, the Tamil Sangam Poems of the early [94] The worship of village deities, as well as sacred flora and fauna in Hinduism is recognised as a survival of the pre-Vedic Dravidian religion. TNN / Sep 25, 2009, 01:16 IST. Dravidian vs Indo-Aryan? : r/AskHistorians - reddit They may have been indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, but origins in, or influence from, western Asia have also been proposed. Yemen et al. The historians toiled for decades now,to locate their own ancestors, who could be the supposed owners of a Mother Tongue, that became a basis for, at least, all the Indo-European languages. Dravidian Influence on Indo-Aryan: The Case of the Due to the complexity of draping the sari, younger girls start with a skirt called a pavada. Racial Classification of Indian People (by Different Anthropologist Weech (History of the World) opines that 'the **** type ssems early to have passed from Africa to South India', where as Bouquet (Comparative Religion) has not ruled out 'sea-borne invasion'. (2013) describe three scenarios regarding the Peopling of India: According to Gallego Romero et al. [56] Gallego Romero notes that Indians who are lactose-tolerant show a genetic pattern regarding this tolerance which is "characteristic of the common European mutation". [107] In Dravidian-speaking South India, the concept of divine kingship led to the assumption of major roles by state and temple. In fact, until the late 19th century most Kerala women did not wear any upper garments, or were forced to by law, and in many villages, especially in tribal communities, the sari is worn without the blouse. [122] Ancient literary works, such as the Cilappatikaram, describe a system of music. The linguists did not achieve success until Napoleon Bonaparte came along and conquered Egypt in 1779, brought home, a Rosetta Stone, that enabled the linguists to decipher the Egyptian script. There is no past record of such effort being made by world nations to study the origin of the culture and language of one occupied nation! Thus, the ground work was already laid when Lord Macaulay visited India around 1835 to study the educational needs of the Indians. dark complexion with a yellowish tinge; hair on face scanty; stature short or below average; nose broad; face characteristically flat; eyelids often oblique. Ghadhiji couldn't oblige, and that was a great disappointment for Ambedkarji. White skinned people of the world are late comers. All of them put their heads together and created a truly Indian Wild West story - From the West came the fair-skinned Aryans, riding in their chariots, whipping the dark-skinned Dravidians, pushing them further South, and occupying the vacant land. While the English word Dravidian was first employed by Robert Caldwell in his book of comparative Dravidian grammar based on the usage of the Sanskrit word drvia in the work Tantravrttika by Kumrila Bhaa,[31] the word drvia in Sanskrit has been historically used to denote geographical regions of southern India as whole. The Proto-Dravidian gender was presumably masculine versus non-masculine, in both the singular and the plural. To-day, the population of India has reached a billion mark. QUESTION : What are the differences between Aryans and Dravidians? The present population is over 1000 million. They built no towns, their agriculture was primitive, the art of writing was unknown to them'. This led to the establishment of a series of Portuguese colonies along the western coasts of Karnataka and Kerala, including Mangalore. [82][80][83][84], Ancient Tamil grammatical works Tolkappiyam, the ten anthologies Pattuppu, and the eight anthologies Euttokai shed light on early ancient Dravidian religion. Nouns carry number and gender and are inflected for case (role in the sentence, such as subject, direct object, or indirect object), as are pronouns and numerals, which are subclasses of nouns. But, now, the termite infested cupboard was falling apart. Alexander Cunningham, then Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India, saw characters written on seals that had been found in the rubble'. This proves Aryan invasion theory was wrong. Major Yeats-Brown, in his book Pageant of India, states in a literary fashion as follows : The budding was in the unknown mother-land, somewhere in the uplands of central Asia, whence these tall, blue-eyed people sallied forth in search of grazing lands. The basic forms of numerals have neuter (others) agreement; a human suffix *-war or a derivative thereof is added to numeral roots when they classify the human category. However, their position was not dis-similar to that of the great king Akbar, who had a surprise waiting for him, when he saw one of his ministers, Birbal, cooking Khichdi, in a pot hung 6 ft. high above the fire! (2009) principally reflects gene flow from Iran and the Middle East". When they get older, around the age when puberty begins, they transition to a langa voni or half-sari, which is composed of a skirt tied at the waist along with a cloth draped over a blouse. (2019) found that their analysed sample had little to none of the "Steppe ancestry" component associated with Indo-European migrations into India, which occurred after the decline of the IVC. Between the three of them, they have produced world's alphabets, excluding the Chinese and the related ones. What is the origin of the word Dravidian? Ben, thank you for pointing out that the intellectuals have rejected the Aryan Invasion Theory (AIT), and I do hope that is the case. WebThe features of the people of this race are a broad head? The people of India, only 200 million in 1835, fully justified both words, and so confirmed by Lord Macaulay's statement to the British Parliament on Feb 2, 1835 (see elsewhere). The Dravidian peoples, or Dravidians, are an ethnolinguistic and cultural group living in South Asia who predominantly speak any of the Dravidian languages. The word Arya had great attraction for the Europeans, who used the word to create, one of the greatest fictional race of this world, the Aryans', with none of the arya qualities and complete illiterates with no script of there own. [71] Knorozov's suggestion was preceded by the work of Henry Heras, who suggested several readings of signs based on a proto-Dravidian assumption. He collected all the possible different signs on the seals - separated them between simple signs and letters with additional signs. In Dravidian, gender is primarily determined by the meaning of the noun or pronoun and secondarily by certain formal features. Would the ancestors of these 16th, 17th century Europeans have any different characters? [127] In vadakkan pattukal ballads, at least a few women warriors continued to practice and achieved a high degree of expertise.[127]. David McAlpin, "Toward Proto-Elamo-Dravidian". The Governor called the Aryan-Dravidian divide a handiwork of the British, which has been criticised as toeing the Hindutva line on the issue. A sentence that ends in a noun phrase predicate can become subordinate by the addition of a nonfinite verb such as * to be, or *yan to say. Quotations are signaled by a quotative particle derived from the verb to say meaning having said.. The study further showed that the native South Asians, north and south, form a unique group distinct from "Australo-Melanesians". He wanted Ghadhiji to under-take movement to abolish the caste system. [101][102] The Sangam landscape was classified into five categories, thinais, based on the mood, the season and the land. The cattle from Eurasia, popular names being Longhorn and Hereford, have more or less plain back. The meaning categories are male human (man), female human (woman), human (people), and others, the last contrasting with the three former categories. I am, perhaps, missing the point, Ben, that you are trying to make, please clarify. The nose shows a wide range of variation, from fine to broad. He then went on to separate them age-wise. [8] According to Krishnamurti, Proto-Dravidian may have been spoken in the Indus civilisation, suggesting a "tentative date of Proto-Dravidian around the early part of the third millennium. Because the original meaning of the word Aryan has not been kept pure and there are additional races living in the region, the entire population of northern India cant be characterized as Aryans. Tolkappiyam mentions that each of these thinai had an associated deity such as Seyyon in Kurinji (hills), Thirumaal in Mullai (forests), and Kotravai in Marutham (plains), and Wanji-ko in the Neithal (coasts and seas). Revision - Guess-work needs to be discarded and correct history needs to be taught in schools. migrations before the development of agriculture (8,0009,000 years before present (BP)); migration of western Asian people together with the spread of agriculture, maybe up to 4,600 years BP; migrations of western Eurasians from 3,000 to 4,000 years BP. Aryans-North Indians are Sanscrit language based speakers and Dravidyans-south Indians are Tamil language based speakers. Both groups of these Indi Some scholars consider this type as representing the Proto-Dravidian gender system. Distribution of subgroups of Dravidian languages: Derenko: "The spread of these new technologies has been associated with the dispersal of Dravidian and Indo-European languages in southern Asia. The number words for 11 to 19, 21 to 29, and so on are formed by compounds of words for 10 or 20 followed by the words for 1 to 9e.g., *paHt-ontu 11 and *pat-i(n)- mu:ntu 13. Compounds meaning two-ten, three-ten, four-ten, for example, denote 2 10, 3 10, 4 10e.g., *iru-paHtu 20, *muH-paHtu 30, and *nal-paHtu 40. Proto-Dravidian *ntu 100 is the highest numeral reconstructed. ANSWER : Difference between Aryans and Dravidians as elucidated. There was one language and unity and happiness. A C Bouquet in Comparative Religion - They were people very much the type of our Scandinavian fore-fathers, hard-fighting, heavy-drinking folk. Demonstrative pronouns represent the gender differences best. There are three subgroups within the Dravidian language family: North Dravidian, Central Dravidian, and South Dravidian, matching for the most part the corresponding regions in the Indian subcontinent. [74], Paleoclimatologists believe the fall of the Indus Valley Civilisation and eastward migration during the late Harappan period was due to climate change in the region, with a 200-year long drought being the major factor. Thus, the river is no longer a mythical river. All other higher numerals are borrowed from Sanskrit. WebThe most important characteristic features of this type are broad-head, dark complexion with yellowish tinge and scanty hair on face and body. [108], The cult of the mother goddess is treated as an indication of a society which venerated femininity. The lungi consists of a colourful checked cotton cloth. As no "ASI" or "AASI" ancient DNA is available, the indigenous Andamanese (exemplified by the Onge, a possibly distantly related population native to the Andaman Islands) is used as an imperfect proxy. [25] The present people of the Indian subcontinent, including the Dravidians, are of a mixed genetic origin and have ancestry from indigenous South Asian Hunter Gatherers, Neolithic west Asian farmers from Iran and Steppe Yamnaya pastoralists. There is a class of finite verbs that includes negation as part of the inflection, as in Konda vnu1 ki--en2 (literally, he1 does-negative-he2) he1 does not do2. Proto-Dravidian has a negative verb *cil to be not, which is complementary with the verbs meaning to be. This is a typical feature of the Dravidian languages. Rao's decipherment of the Indus script also proved that, the South Arabic and the Old Aramaic alphabets, as well as the Indian Brahmi, all are derived from the Indus script. The numerals 1 to 5 and 8 to 10 consist of one of several roots plus one of three fused neuter morphemes, *t, *tt, or *k, thus *on-tu (roots *r/*or-, *on-) 1; *ir-a-u (*r/*ir-V) 2; *muH-n-tu/*m-n-tu (*muH-/*m-) 3; *nl-n(kk)u (*nl/*nal-V-) 4; *caym-tu (*cay-) 5; *e-u (*e-) 8; *paH-tu (*paH-) 10. Dravidians also live in central India and other countries like Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Should it make any difference to anyone, if there were some gene transfer amongst semitic, japhatic, hamitic and whoever Indians were? This would explain that the color of the skin is not necessarily the uniting factor. Upon returning to England, he addressed the British Parliament on February 2nd, 1835 as follows: 'I have traveled through the length and breadth of India, and I have not seen one person who is a beggar, who is a thief, such wealth I have seen in this country, such high moral values, people of such calibre, that I do not think, we would ever conquer this country, unless WE BREAK THE VERY BACKBONE OF THIS NATION, WHICH IS HER SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE'. Swami Vivekananda %3E In connection with this I want to discuss one question which it has a particular bearing with regard to Madras. There is a th The gender-number-person categories of the subject phrase in a sentence are reflected as the final constituent of certain finite verbs, as demonstrated by Tamil avan1 va-nt-n2 (literally he1 come-past-person2) he1 came2. Malayalam has lost this agreement feature in finite verbs. In the last century or two, cross-breeding has taken place in the West. The largest Dravidian ethnic groups are the Telugus from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, the Tamils from Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore, the Kannadigas from Karnataka, the Malayalis from Kerala, and the Tulu people from Karnataka. WebWith the Aryan race concept was contrasted the idea of what was called the Dravidian race equally erroneous as a racial term. suggest that the South Indian tribal Paniya people would serve as a better proxy than the Andamanese (Onge) for the "native South Asian" component in modern South Asians. Now he must show to the world that Europeans can correct the history, too. [103] The king was 'the representative of God on earth' and lived in a "koyil", which means the "residence of a god". Interrogative sentences (questions) are formed by using either an interrogative pronoun or adverb (meaning who, which, when, where, etc.) Other gods mentioned were Mayyon and Vaali, now identified with Krishna and Balarama, who are all major deities in Hinduism today. Who ever came from the West is being given the credit for introducing cattle and horses in India. aryan vs dravidian features The Dravidian movement and Aryan illusions. The most notable Carnatic musician is Purandara Dasa who lived in the court of Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara empire. Telugu of South-Central Dravidian and Kurukh-Malto of North Dravidian have preserved the Proto-Dravidian gender in the singular but independently extended the meaning of *aw-ar to human as happened in South Dravidian. 2017, based on paternal DNA analysis,[62] Indians are most closely related to southern Europeans and people in the Levant and that this relation existed already before Steppe migration: These results suggest that the European-related ancestry in Indian populations might be much older and more complex than anticipated, and might originate from the first wave of agriculturists or even earlier, Narasimhan et al. In complex sentences, the main verb clause occupies the final position and is preceded by subordinate clauses that end in nonfinite verbs (those that are perfective, durative, conditional, concessive, and so on). In History of the World, edited by W N Weech (Odhams Press- Pub. The subject matter was, by a simple stroke of pen, changed from Annihilation to Assimilation. The word 'caste' needs to be explained further. There was scarcity of white women, too, resulted in the traffic in women. Tuluvas are found in coastal Karnataka and Northern Kerala (Kasaragodu district) in. In Aryans and Dravidians View of historian P.T. Phonological features of Dravidian languages, Historical development of Dravidian phonology, South-Central Dravidian phonological development, Central Dravidian phonological development. You probably have umpteen nice things in you. My response is based on today not the past. Past is where we came from but we live today and tomorrow. Other than the languages spoken, fundamental community services, construction services, building of palaces and temples and art-work, etc. Of course, the British Raj was the culprit, and as the proverb goes, 'Ruler writes history'. hunter-gatherers sharing a common root with the Andamanese); and Iranian hunter-gatherers who arrived in India before the advent of farming. Dravidian grammatical impact on the structure and syntax of Indo-Aryan languages is considered far greater than the Indo-Aryan grammatical impact on Dravidian. Bhikhubhai, great stuff. Also, other people have come to live in Northern India like Australoids and Mongoloids as they were groups of historic invaders. He was a law-maker, the Father of the Indian Constitution. Dravidian Influence on Indo-Aryan All these negotiations are in respect of stories that these '19th century British Imperial science', and historians have created to demean the people and derogate their culture. Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia, Non-resident Indian and Overseas Citizen of India, History and Archaeology, Volume 1, Issues 12, "200-Year Drought Doomed Indus Valley Civilization", "The formation of human populations in South and Central Asia", "A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix", "Global Religious Populations, 19102010", "Do you speak Telugu? The Agamas are non-Vedic in origin[92] and have been dated either as post-Vedic texts[93] or as pre-Vedic compositions. This designation is not restricted by the shade of the skin, knowledge, wisdom, wealth, profession nor sex. It was impossible to cross, however, Vindhya had great respect for the Muni, he agreed to lower its heights to allow them to cross, and further agreed that he would stay at that height to allow them to return when the task is completed. [23] Many of these features are already present in the oldest known Indo-Aryan language, the language of the Rigveda (c. 1500 BCE), which also includes over a dozen words borrowed from Dravidian. The forms *ctu (*cat-V-) 6 and * (*e-V-) 7 are also used with neuter agreement. I need more time to read and comment. After adulthood girls begin using the sari. Thus, every European country was racing to justify that there's is the one, the provider of the Mother Tongue'. Culture By innovating a feminine singular *aw-a she (female human), the South Dravidian languages thus restricted the meaning of *a-tu to it (nonhuman animate/thing). The reasons could be to retire a horse because of old age or due to some injury while serving his master. Birbal's reaction was in response to the King's decision not to reward a person who stood the whole night in a cold water-pool, finding an excuse that a candle was burning in a far-away window, and that he was getting heat from that light! The native Indians had been conquered without great difficulty by the war-like Aryans, and there-after, the Aryans had been the rulers and masters of tens of millions of docile little brown men'. Both southern and northern groups are most similar to each other, but also show deep relations to populations of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. As the term is commonly used in India today, Aryans are considered to be those who dont hail from India but instead came to India in 1500 BC from southern Russia and Iran. In India, too, the mingling with the locals resulted in the population of Anglo-Indians. Theatre-dance traditions have a long and varied history whose origins can be traced back almost two millennia to dance-theatre forms like Kotukotti, Kaapaalam and Pandarangam, which are mentioned in an ancient anthology of poems entitled the Kaliththokai. The information below may be of some help to understand better. South India consists of a lot of He had no intention nor interest to take any further steps. EQUUS SIVALENSIS, South East Asian breed has 17 pairs of ribs, where as Equus Przevaalskii, Central Asian and European breed have 18 pairs of ribs.