Zunes, Stephen (1995). Relations between Morocco and Algeria have been strained ever since they each gained their independence in the mid20th century. Called the War of the Sands, this war refers to the attack of the Algerian army on Moroccan troops which caused the death of 12 Moroccan soldiers. 'Jeune Afrique' magazine continues to be banned in Algeria, where it, too, has become a casualty of the tensions between the two countries. Ad by Masterworks What's a good investment for 2023? Algerian Foreign Minister . Before French colonization of the region in the nineteenth century, part of south and west Algeria were under Moroccan influence and no border was defined. NATO: Finland forges ahead of Sweden toward membership, Ukraine updates: Zelenskyy calls for ICC Russia probe, Russian troops step up fight to cut off Bakhmut supply lines. [23] Morocco finally abandoned all claims to Algerian territory in 1972 with the Accord of Ifrane, though Morocco refused to ratify the agreement until 1989.[43]. I do not know how this soothes you. The decision was "completely unjustified", Rabat said. [22] The French government refused. [40] The attack was denounced and dramatized by the Moroccan Government. With international attention concentrated for weeks on Russian forces amassed at Ukraine's borders, fewer resources have been spent anticipating the many second- and third-order effects that conflict between these two countries could trigger worldwide. The military subsequently became the main political force in Algeria, taking an active part in domestic politics. It resulted largely from the Moroccan government's claim to portions of Algeria's Tindouf and Bchar provinces. Lucky them. Morocco, consequently, closed off its borders briefly but Algeria used the decision as an . The regime of Mohammed VI seems convinced it is sufficiently "covered" by two world powers - the US and Israel - to attempt to stand up to the Algerian generals supporting the Polisario movement. [29] The Soviet Union supplied Algeria with ten T-34 tanks, but these were equipped for clearing minefields and were delivered without turrets or armament. Reviews: 86% of readers found this page helpful, Address: 2865 Kasha Unions, West Corrinne, AK 05708-1071, Hobby: Graffiti, Foreign language learning, Gambling, Metalworking, Rowing, Sculling, Sewing. [36] Its forces included twenty-two T-34 tanks, eighteen 120-mm mortars, a battery of 57-mm recoilless rifles, anti-aircraft artillery with eighteen guns, and eighteen 122mm field guns with the crews to operate them. The views of the authors do not necessarily coincide with the opinion of the editorial board. Drilat is a website that writes about many topics of interest to you, a blog that shares knowledge and insights useful to everyone in many fields. And it does not help that Algiers embarked on an anything but brotherly arms race some 15 years ago that spurred Rabat to do the same, with Algeria buying up Russian-made military gear and Morocco turning to Western weapons suppliers. It was also notable for ushering in the first multinational peacekeeping mission carried out by the Organisation of African Unity. In the fall of 2021, reports began to emerge that the Moroccan army was purchasing Israeli IAI Heron drones and Harop kamikaze drones. The Moroccan regime seems determined to respond to Algerias acts of diplomatic hostility with military action, as Mohammed VIs recent appointment of Lieutenant General Belkhir el-Farouks as inspector general of the FAR goes to show. Online tool for comparing the current military strengths of two world powers. Despite this, it was recognized by the Comintern in 1935. 1976 onwards - Fighting between Moroccan military and Polisario forces; the war is a considerable financial drain on Morocco. Just a few days later, Algeria formally broke diplomatic relations with the Makhzen. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has again condemned Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, calling for Moscow's immediate withdrawal and an end to the fighting. [7], The Sand War laid the foundations for a lasting and often intensely hostile rivalry between Morocco and Algeria, exacerbated by the differences in political outlook between the conservative Moroccan monarchy and the revolutionary, Arab nationalist Algerian military government. What is the strongest legendary quirk in my hero mania? The EU and the Nato have proved crucial in bringing together their member states around a coordinated response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. [31] This prompted further attempts at negotiations, but these proved ineffectual as well. Algerian authorities suspected that Morocco was inciting the revolt, while Hassan was anxious about his own opposition's reverence for Algeria, escalating tensions between the nations. Morocco's and Algeria's top military and secret service leaders have risen through the ranks and often led brilliant and sometimes action-packed careers. Which African countries are still under French rule? Mohamed Arkoun, a famous Algerian philosopher, recognizes the fact that while modern Algeria was born in the 1960's, Morocco had been a well-known and an established empire/country for centuries before that. [11] In the Treaty of Lalla Maghnia (March 18, 1845), which set the border between French Algeria and Morocco, it is stipulated that "a territory without water is uninhabitable and its boundaries are superfluous"[12] and the border is delineated over only 165km. These developments were all it took for both countries media outlets to launch into virulent and often insulting smear campaigns against the opposing side. Zerg rush do a barrel roll google gravity? [5] Morocco's invasion proved to be a diplomatic blunder, as the other Arab and African states refused to recognize its border claims. Nor is it particularly helpful that the careers of Moroccan and Algerian security officials, some of whom were recently appointed, are built around the Sahrawi question and thus a sense of antagonism towards the opposing side. Aziz Chahir is an associate researcher at the Jacques-Berque Center in Rabat, and the secretary general of the Moroccan Center for Refugee Studies (CMER). May 30, 2021 05:00 JST. Despite a truce in 1991, both sides have been at loggerheads for years. The issue that would come to most dominate Algeria-Morocco relations in the 20th and 21st centuries is undoubtedly the question of Western Sahara. 3:18 PM - 4 October, 2021. On March 18, 1962, France and the leaders of the Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN) sign a peace agreement to end the seven-year Algerian War, signaling the end of 130 . The Algerian Communist Party (French: Parti Communiste Algrien; Arabic: ) was a communist party in Algeria. Over the past fifteen years alone, Algeria has signed a series of major arms purchase contracts with Russia, including Su-30 fighter jets, S-300, S-400 and Pantsir-S1 air defense systems, as well as a batch of 600 T-90S tanks and some 300 Terminator infantry support fighting vehicles. [8] Morocco officially reported to have suffered 39 dead. [26], The Algerian forces began to retaliate against the Moroccan advances, taking back the ports of Hassi-Beida and Tindjoub on October 8. Wake up to the essential with the Editor's picks. Obviously, you (Continue reading) During the Algerian War, Morocco backed the National Liberation Front, Algeria's leading nationalist movement, in its guerrilla campaign against the French. The second, peaceful attempt started in 2019 with thousands of demonstrators taking to the streets, week after week, first to protest . Atlantic Council experts react to the deal between Israel, Morocco, and the United States, and what it means for the wider MENA region: Lifetime health cover loading for migrants | CHOICE. In recent months, antagonisms between Morocco and Algeria . [33], On October 22, hundreds of Cuban troops arrived at Oran. [5] Morocco's Western allies provided assistance, after Morocco's formal requests for military aid. [28], Morocco's armed forces were smaller, but comparatively well-equipped and frequently took advantage of their superior firepower on the battlefield. The land border between Morocco and Algeria has already been closed since 1994 at the behest of the Algerian regime, after Morocco blamed its secret services for a terrorist attack in a hotel in Marrakech carried out by French citizens of North African descent, imposed visas for Algerian nationals, and expelled those who didn't hold residence Lachance Lives in Ottawa, ON Author has 315 answers and 336.4K answer views 6 y Related Located on the northwest coast of Africa and bordering Morocco, Algeria and Mauritania, Western Sahara - with just 500,000 people - has been the subject of a 47-year territorial dispute between the Polisario Front and Morocco.. Endowed with phosphate and fishing waters, the region became a Spanish colony after the Berlin Conference in 1885. I would guess Morocco, 1-0 with a goal just before halftime. Algeria tourist visa is not required for citizens of Morocco for a stay up to 90 days. Morocco vs Algeria Military Comparison 2022 | Who Would Win? Opinion Algeria Morocco China Chinese Communist Party. The Moroccan kingdom therefore continues to enjoy the support of the Americans, especially following the recognition by former US President Donald Trump of Moroccos claims to Western Sahara, in exchange for thenormalisationof relations between Morocco and Israel. If we must add to this mix Tunisia, which the Moroccan media now labels a new ally of Algiers, Rabat will find itself totally isolated in the Maghreb. Algeria has openly backed the Polisario Front separatist movement, which defends the right of theSahrawi people to self-determination. Morocco and Algeria: Is a military showdown coming? Palace security had up till then been overseen by the Moroccan Royal Gendarmerie and the General Directorate for National Security. The two countries fell out again when Algeria backed the Polisario Front's campaign for Western Sahara's independence from Morocco, leading to the 1975-1991 Western Sahara War. Progress on the issue has been at a standstill ever since Morocco and the Polisario Front signed a cease-fire agreement in 1991, but Rabat recently scored a few diplomatic wins, such as the United States move to recognise Moroccan sovereignty over the territory in late 2020. The Sand War led to heightened tensions between the two countries for several decades. 15. Tensions between Algeria and Morocco have never been as tense in 45 years. VIEWS. Aziz Chahir est docteur en sciences politiques et enseignant-chercheur Sal, au Maroc. In this paper, I argue that the Algeria-Morocco diplomatic crisis is a modern-day "Sand War," taking escalation from the previous internal conflict of the '60s and modernizing the mechanisms and problem at hand that have continuously stirred conflict in the Northern Africa region. Middle East Eye. READ MORE This year's AU could work to Morocco's advantage over Western Sahara. 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